Peters



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GYRUS BALDVIN, OF MANCHESTER, NEW HAMPSHIRE, ASSIGNOR TO STARK MILLS.

LOOM FOR WEAVING BAGS.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 8,553, dated December 2, 1851; Antedated August 30, 1851.

` To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, VGratis BALDWIN, of the city of Manchester, in the county of Hillsborough in the State of New Hampshire, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power or Other Looms,

" for weaving two or more thicknesses of cloth at the same time and weaving two or more of the thicknesses of the cloths so woven together, so as to unite them at given distances across the cloth, two or more of i the cloths being woven together at one oil both selvages or otherwise, so as to form one thickness of cloth at such given distances as may be required to form the bottoms or sides of bags, sacks, or other articles without stopping the loom to make the changes necessary, as has been t-he practice heretofore; and I do hereby declare that the same is described and represented in the following specification and accompanying drawings.

The nature of my invent-ion and improve ment consists, in so constructing and arranging the several parts of a loom, that when 4it has woven the required length of cloth,A to form a bag or other article, a part of the cams that operate the heddles will stop, while the others proceed, until they arrive to such a relative position in regard to the cams that stopped; that if the cams that stopped were put in motion, the warps which have been woven into two thicknesses of cloth, would be woven into one; when the cams that stopped proceed, and so weave all the warps into one thickness of cloth, asV to connect the two cloths together and form the bottom or side of a bag or other article, as may be required. When a proper length of the warps have been woven into one thickness to form the bottom or side required, or the bottoms or sides required, the cams that stopped before, stop again, until the cams in motion arrive to such a relative position in regard to the cams that stopped, that if the. cams that stopped are put in motion, the loom will weave two thicknesses of cloth as before; then the cams that stopped proceed and the loom weaves cloth of two thicknesses the length required; when it will change as above described, and weave all the'warps together and form one cloth as required. The loommaking all the changes necessary to weave the warps alternately into two cloths or one as required; making all the changes while in motion running at the rate of 150 picks per minute without the aid of the attendant.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

Figure l is a view of the fi'ont of the loom. Fig. 2 is a view at the right hand end. Fig. 3 represents the cams, showing the grooves in a position .to weave double cloth; the dotted lines on 1S and 14 show the position the cams are moved to, to weave all the warp together, and make single cloth. Fig. 4 represents a section of the shaft I3 while I2 and the parts connected with them cut through the line 33. iFig. 5 is a top `view of the stand K2, pawl m, etc.; Fig. 6,

one of the treadles and the parts that connect it to the harness frame.

The same letters refer to like parts in all the drawings, and when a piece is partially obscured the same letter may be upon it in two or more places.

A, A, posts; A, breast beam; A2, top rail; A3, end girt; A, back girt; B, the lathe hung and operated in the usual manner, by the sweeps B and the crank B2 of the shaft B3, which turns in appropriate bearings on A2, driven by a belt applied to the pulley B4. Upon the opposite end of the shaft Bthere is a gear C, which drives the gear C', and turns the shaft C2, with the cams C3 C3, which act upon the levers C4 C4, connected to the picker staffs D D; to traverse the pickers and throw the shuttles. D the yarn beam retained by the screw Z5 on the shaft D2, acting on the wheel t@ on said beam. D3 the yarn roller (represented by dotted lines) supported by the levers D4 which act upon the sector E; which sector is acted upon in its turn by the spring E, acting upon the arm E2 of the sector. The above mentioned parts may be made and operated as many of the looms at present in use are made and operated.

The gear F upon the shaft C2, drives the gear F which turns the shaft F2; these wheels are inside of the girt A3which supports one bearing of the shaft, the other being upon the stand F8 fastened to the back girt A4. The grooved cams 1, 2 are fastened to the shaft F2, and traverse the rollers on pins in the levers 3, 4, to vibrate them upon the screws in the stand F4, fastened to the back girt. One of the rollers and the pin it turns upon is shown in dotted lines at e2.

IOO

The heddle frames 5, 6, 7 and 8 made as represented with a perpendicular bar at each side joined to a. horizontal one across the bottom and an arched rod across the top, and are sustained in their places by the stands G G, and by the cleats a, a, shown in dotted lines, fastened to the inside of the girts A2. The stands 9 and 10 are fastened to the bottom bars of the heddle frames 5, 6, and are connected to t-he levers 3, 4 by the straps 11 and 12, which pass around the pivots of the stands 9, 10, and through the ends of the levers 3, 4; and the ends lap so that a screw passes through each of them and through the pieces of wood t4 lit-ted between the pivots of the stands and the ends of the levers; so as to communicate a positive motion in each direction to the heddle frames 5, 6 and to the heddles a2, fastened to the heddle frames by the rods a3 a3. The lever 4, wheel e2, and strap 11, stand 9 and the piece of wood 14 and the bottom of the harness frame 5 are all represented in Fig. 6.

The shaft G turns in bearings fastened to the posts A, A, and forms the fulcrum of the lever G2; which is vibrated by the connecting rod G3, attached to the sword of the lathe and traverses the catch G4 which acts upon the wheel H, fastened to the shaft G to turn it. An end view of the above named parts is represented in Fig. 7. The friction wheel H is fastened to the same shaft and is acted upon by the spring a4 under the block Z) which is forced down by the screw b', turning in the breast beam A, so as to graduate the friction upon the wheel.

The sprocket wheel H2 is fastened to the shaft G, and acts upon the chain H3 which drives the sprocket wheel b2, to turn the roller b3 in the stands b4 b4 upon the breast beam; and in connection with roller C in the same stands takes up the cloth as it is woven. The rollers b3 and c being geared together by the wheels c 0 partially shown in Fig. 2. The roller b3 is pressed against the cloth by the springs c2 02 which are drawn against it by the screws which pass through them, and into the stands b4 so as to adjust the pressure.

The wheel H4 is fastened to the end of the shaft G and t-he pin C4 in it acts upon the teeth of the wheel I; which turns on the stud d fastened into the post A. The wheel I has arcircular groove d1 in it that holds the pin d2, lin the rod d2; one end of which is slotted and t-raverses on the stud d, and is acted upon by the spring Z4 which acts against the collar e, fastened to the rod di; and against the knee el, one end of which surrounds the rod Z2 and the other end is perforated to fit the stud d, and is fastened to it. The groove Z1 has two notches It /Ll cut toward the periphery and two h2 h3 cut toward the center; in which the pin cl2 traverses as will be hereafter described. The wheel I has one tooth with an inclined plane s in front of it against which the pin c4 acts and propells the wheel faster than when it acts against the teeth out straight to the center.

The wheel I1 upon the right hand end of the Shaft C2 upon the outsideV of the girt,

.drives the wheel I2 upon the shaft I2, which lturns in bearings similar to those described for the opposite shaft F2, and has the grooved cams 13, 14 upon it, that traverse the rollers (one of which is represented by dotted lines at a, Fig. 1,) on the pins in the levers 15, 16 to vibrate them upon the screws in the stand I4 fastened t-o the girt A4. The oppositev ends of the levers 15, 16 are connected to the heddle frames 7 8, by similar` fixtures to those already described as connecting the levers 3 and 4, with the heddle frames 5, 6. The heddles e3 are connected to the frames 7, 8 by the rods e4 e4 similar to those heretofore described. The levers 15, 16 are above the shaft I3l and the levers 3, 4 are below the shaft F2 heretofore described.

The cog wheel I2 turns freely upon the shaft I3 and has a projection, or flange f upon it to which the spring f1 is fastened; which spring f1 has a stiff projection n on the end, which plays through a notch in the projection j into the notches m1 m2 m3 m4 in the wheel K, which turns just inside of the projection f as represented by dotted lines, and is fastened to the shaft I3. There is a pin r projecting from the spring f1 which raises the projection n when the pawl m is forced into one of the spaces 01 02 03 04, in the rim K1 upon the side of the wheel K. The pawl in being connected to the end of the rod cl2 opposite to the end heretofore described; which pawl m vibrates on a pivot that projects through the stand K2 fastened to the top rail A2. A section of the shaft I2 wheels I2 and K with the rim K1 are seen cut through the line z a of Fig. e in Fig. 4. And a top view of the stand K2 pawl in with the sections of the rod (Z3 and top rail A2 are represented in Fig. 5.

The loom being completed as above described, the warp put in and properly adjusted, a shuttle supplied with weft put in and a belt applied to the pulley B4, the loom is put in operation, the lathe and shuttle operate in the usual manner; the yarn beam yielding the warp which is let off as it is required by a motion taken from the llathe. The cams being arranged as shown in the drawing (Fig. Cam 1 raises the heddle frame 5 with one fourth` of the warp, when the shuttle carries a thread of weft across for the upper cloth, when the cams 2 and 13 raise the heddle frames 6 and 7 taking up one half the warp, when the vshuttle carries a thread of weft across for the' lower cloth; when the cams 1 and 13 take down the heddle frames' 5, 7 with one half the warp; then the shuttle takes the weft across for the upper cloth, then the cams 1 and 14 raises the heddle frames 5 and 8 with one half the warp; when the shuttle carries the weft across for the lower cloth, then the cams 2 and 14 de scend with one half the warp; the cams have now made an entire revolution the heddle frame 5 with one fourth of the warp being raised, which is the same position the warp was in the first time the shuttle crossed;

4and if the loom is kept in operation and the shuttle supplied with weft, the loom will continue to weave the cloth double and joined at the selvages, the shuttle delivering a thread of weft for the upper and lower cloth, alternately carrying the weft from one tothe other at the selvages; thus weaving the two thickness of cloth until the rollers b3 and c which take up the cloth have measured the length of double cloth required; and the tooth s of the wheel I is acted upon by the pin c4; in the wheel H, and the pinA Z2 in the rod cZS, is forced into the notch z' by the spring d4, and the pawl m, catches under the pin 1", and into the space 02,l in the rim K and raises the projection n out of the notch m4 in the wheel K, and allows it to stop with the shaft I3, and cams 13, 14 until, the grooves in the same come opposite to the grooves in the cams 1, 2, as repref sented in dotted lines Fig. 3; in the meantime the pin 1 has passed over the pawl m, and the projection n has caught in the next notch m3 further forward in the wheel K, and put the shaft I3 and cams 13, 14 in motion; the grooves in the cams 1, 14 being opposite to each other and the cams 2 and 13 being also opposite the loom weaves all the warp into single cloth; connecting the two thicknesses of cloth previously woven together for the length required. As the pin 1" passes over the pawl m it depresses the shortend p raising the opposite end and pushing the pin Z2 out of the notch `L' and against the inclined side of the notch h2 propelling the wheel I forward so that the pin cZZ, as it is forced out of the notch 7a2 catches on that portion of the groove cZl, that is between the notches h Ztl, so that the wheel I is propelled by the pin c4, until the pin Z2 slips into the notch h1, and the pawl fm catches under the pin 1 and raises the projection n allowing the wheel K and cams 13 and 14 to stop; until the projection n arrives to and enters the notch m1 in the wheel K, and cams 13, 14 proceed and weave double cloth; the cam 13 having taken the position in reference to the cams 1, 2 that was occupied by the cam 14 when the loom wove double cloth before and the cam 14 has assumed the position that cam 13 occupied.

1When the pin r passed over the pawl m, it depressed the end p shoving the pin Z2 out of the notch it and against the inclined side of the notch 77,3 propelling the wheel I so that the pin (Z2, as it was brought back by t-he spring (Z4, caught on the groove cZ, so that the pin 04t propels the wheel I, and the loom weaves double cloth; until the rollers b3 and c have measured the required length and the wheel I has been propelled so near around, that the pin d2 is forced into the notch h when the loom weaves single cloth as heretofore described to connect the cloths together for a proper distance and then changes to weaving double cloth again as heretofore described. The tooth s of the wheel I is made with an inclination forward so that the pin c4 will propel the wheel I faster, vwhile the change from double` to single cloth, and from single to double Cloth is being made.l

The length of double or single cloth may be varied when required, by increasing or diminishing the number of teeth in the wheel I, and by changing or increasing the notches cut from the groove CZ or both.

The rollers b3 and c which takeup the cloth which is represented by the red line, receive their motion as follows, viz., the lever G2 which vibrates on the shaft G, and is acted upon by the connecting rod G3, connected to it and to the sword of the lathe, which operates it, and traverses the catch G4, which acts upon the wheel H fastened to the shaft G', which has a sprocket wheel H2 upon itthat acts upon the chain H3, and turns the roller 3 by the wheel b2, fastened to it, which roller turns the roller c by the wheels c c. If the catch G4 moves the wheel H so that the rollers b3 and c draw the cloth faster than it is woven, and driven over by the reed, the elasticity of the cloth and warp in connection with the springs E, and the springing of the warps by the heddles will pull the cloth, and turn the rollers back as the catch G4 yields; the spring at' upon the wheel H being properly adjusted to allow it to do so; so that the catch G4 will not take another toot-h of the wheel H until a sufficient quantity ofweft is put in to allow it to move the wheel H again. To weave twilled cloth an additional number of cams, levers, heddles, etc., may be used; and to increase the number of thicknesses of cloth, additional shafts with calns, etc., may be added, or cylindrical shafts may be put upon the cam shafts, and turn upon them, operated by additional gearing carrying additional cams to operate the heddles required; and additional fixtures, similar to those described that change the relative position of the cams, may be added; to change the relative position of the additional cams, while the loom is in operation; to weave such a number of the thicknesses of cloth together' as may be required.

Instead of two short shafts for the cams there may be one shaft having part of the cams attached to it and to turn loose in the other cams which may be connected to a wheel like K fastened to the shaft; so that the relative position of part of the cams in reference to the others, can be changed while the loom is in motion.

The cams and levers and heddles vmay be so arranged as to weave double cloth, and weave two selva-ges at one side of the loom, and weave the two thicknesses of cloth together at the opposite side, to form the bottom of a bag; and weave the two cloths together at given distances to form the sides,

so that the mouth of the bag will be surrounded by a selvage.

I contemplate weaving bed and mattress ticks whole, so as to out a slit in the center of one side; and turn them inside out, and then fill them through the hole and sew it up to complete them. f

Vhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. Is placing the cams upon one or more shafts in such a manner that they can be moved, so as to change their relative position in regard to each other with or around the shaft if upon separate shafts; or around the shaft if upon the same shaft; in combination with the devices substantially such as are herein described, or their equivalents, for releasing, changing and holding said cams as may be required for the purposes set forth in the foregoing specification.

2. Is the pin r on the spring f in combination with the pawl m, or their equivalent-s, to force back the rod d3 and propel the wheel I by the pin d2 acting agoinst the inclined sides of the notches h2 h3 so that the pin d2 will fall back on the groove d', and allow the wheel I to be propelled by the pin c4.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto signed my name before two subscribing witnesses.

CYRUS BALDWIN.

Witnesses:

JONATHAN DENNIS, Jr., CHARLES DE SELDINGS. 

